Long-Term Prognosis in Young Patients with Stable Coronary Disease: Ten-Year Follow-up of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: The long-term prognostic implications of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) in young patients are currently unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognosis of young adult patients diagnosed with stable CAD who were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and followed for up to ten years. Methods: The study population consisted of young patients (age below the 10th percentile) from a group of 1,394 consecutive patients treated for stable CAD using the percutaneous approach. The patients’ characteristics were prospectively collected. After the procedure, outpatient follow-up was conducted, including the analysis of the electronic medical records and telephone contact, whenever required. The primary outcome was overall mortality, and the secondary outcome was cardiovascular mortality. Results: A total of 140 patients were selected, with a mean age of 43.7 ± 4 years (ranging from 26 to 48 years), who were predominantly males (76.4%). Diabetes mellitus was present in approximately one fifth of the patients, and half of them had a previous myocardial infarction. Patients were followed for an average of 94.6 ± 36.2 months, and the overall mortality after ten years was 6%, with a cardiac mortality of 5.3%. All patients who died had a successful index procedure, and only one of the cases did not have a previous myocardial 1 Specialist in Cardiology. Physician; Technical Director of the Interventionist Cardiology Service of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de Marília. Marília, SP, Brazil. 2 Tenured Professor. Physician; Supervisor of the Interventionist Cardiology Service of Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 3 Specialist in Interventionist Cardiology. Physician; Supervisor of the Interventionist Cardiology Service of Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 4 Tenured Professor. Physician; Supervisor of the Interventionist Cardiology Service of Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5 Specialist in Interventionist Cardiology. Assistant physician at the Interventionist Cardiology Service of Instituto do Coração do Hospital Original Article